Tugas ke-4 Softkill B.Inggris Bisnis II

The Relative Clause

Recognize a relative clause when you see one.

A relative clause—also called an adjective or adjectival clause—will meet three requirements.

• First, it will contain a subject and verb.
• Next, it will begin with a relative pronoun [who, whom, whose, that, or which] or arelative adverb [when, where, or why].
• Finally, it will function as an adjective, answering the questions What kind? How many? orWhich one?

The relative clause will follow one of these two patterns:

relative pronoun or adverb + subject + verb

relative pronoun as subject + verb

Here are some examples:

Which Francine did not accept

Which = relative pronoun; Francine = subject; did accept = verb [not, an adverb, is not officially part of the verb].

Where George found Amazing Spider-Man #96 in fair condition

Where = relative adverb; George = subject; found = verb.

That dangled from the one clean bathroom towel

That = relative pronoun functioning as subject; dangled = verb.

Who continued to play video games until his eyes were blurry with fatigue

Who = relative pronoun functioning as subject; played = verb.

Avoid creating a sentence fragment.

A relative clause does not express a complete thought, so it cannot stand alone as a sentence. To avoid writing a fragment, you must connect each relative clause to a main clause. Read the examples below. Notice that the relative clause follows the word that it describes.

To calm his angry girlfriend, Joey offered an apology which Francine did not accept.

We tried our luck at the same flea market where George found Amazing Spider-Man #96 in fair condition.

Michelle screamed when she saw the spider that dangled from the one clean bathroom towel.

Brian said goodnight to his roommate Justin, who continued to play video games until his eyes were blurry with fatigue.

Punctuate a relative clause correctly.

Punctuating relative clauses can be tricky. For each sentence, you will have to decide if the relative clause is essential or nonessential and then use commas accordingly.

Essential clauses do not require commas. A relative clause is essential when you need the information it provides. Look at this example:

The children who skateboard in the street are especially noisy in the early evening.

Children is nonspecific. To know which ones we are talking about, we must have the information in the relative clause. Thus, the relative clause is essential and requires no commas.

If, however, we eliminate children and choose more specific nouns instead, the relative clause becomes nonessential and does require commas to separate it from the rest of the sentence. Read this revision:

Matthew and his sister Loretta, who skateboard in the street, are especially noisy in the early evening.

Sumber : http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/relativeclause.htm

Exercise 37. Relative Clauses

1.       The last record which produced by this company became a gold record.

2.       Checking accounts that require a minimum balance are very common now.

3.       The professor whose you spoke yesterday is not here today.

4.       John whose grades are the highest in the school, has received a scholarship.

5.       Felipe bought a camera that has three lenses.

6.       Frank are who were nominated for the office of treasurer.

7.       The doctor is with a patient whose leg was broken in an accident.

8.       Jane is the woman who is going to China next year.

9.       Janet wants a typewriter whose self-corrects.

10.   This book that I found last week, contains some useful information.

11.   Mr. Bryant whose team has lost the game, looks very sad.

12.   James wrote an article whose indicated that he diskiled the president.

13.   The director of the program whose graduated from Harvard University, is planning to retire next year.

14.   This is the book that I have been looking for all year.

15.   William whose brother is a lawyer, wants to become a judge.

Exercise 38. Relative Clause Reduction

1.       George is the man chosen to represent the committee at the convention.

2.       All of the money accepted has already been released.

3.       The papers on the table belong to Patricia.

4.       The man brought to the police station confessed to the crime.

5.       The girl drinking coffe, is Mary Allen.

6.       John’s wife, a professor, has written several papers on this subject.

7.       The man talking to the policeman, is my uncle.

8.        The book on the top shelf, is the one that I need.

9.       The number of students have been counted is quite high.

10.   Leo Evans, a doctor, eats in this restaurant every day.

Tugas ke-3 Softkill B.Inggris Bisnis II

ACTIVE / PASSIVE VOICE

Active voice

In most English sentences with an action verb, the subject performs the action denoted by the verb.
These examples show that the subject is  doing the verb's action.

Because the subject does or "acts upon" the verb in such sentences, the sentences are said to be in the active voice.


Passive voice

One can change the normal word order of many active sentences (those with a direct object) so that the subject is no longer active, but is, instead, being acted upon by the verb - or passive.
Note in these examples how the subject-verb relationship has changed.

Because the subject is being "acted upon" (or is passive), such sentences are said to be in the passive voice.


NOTE:   Colorful parrots live in the rainforests cannot be changed to passive voice because the sentence does not have a direct object.
To change a sentence from active to passive voice, do the following:

1.  Move  the active sentence's direct object into the sentence's subject  slot



2. Place the active sentence's subject into a  phrase beginning with the preposition by

3.  Add a form of the auxiliary verb be to the main verb and change the  main verb's form

Because passive voice sentences necessarily add words and change the normal doer-action-receiver of action direction, they may make the reader work harder to understand the intended meaning.

As the examples below illustrate, a sentence in  active voice  flows more smoothly and is easier to understand than the same sentence in  passive voice.


It is generally preferable to use the ACTIVE voice.


To change a passive voice sentence into an active voice sentence, simply reverse the steps shown above.
1.  Move  the passive sentence's subject into the active  sentence's  direct object slot

2.  Remove  the auxiliary verb be from the main verb and change main verb's form if needed

3. Place the passive sentence's object of the preposition by into the subject slot.



Because it is more direct, most writers prefer to use the active voice whenever possible.
The passive voice may be a better choice, however, when

• the doer of the action is unknown, unwanted, or unneeded in the sentence

Examples :

• the writer wishes to emphasize the action of the sentence rather than the doer of the action 

Examples :

• the writer wishes to use passive voice for sentence variety.

Sumber : http://www.towson.edu/ows/activepass.htm



Exercise 36 : Causative Verbs ( Hal. 135 )

         1.     The teacher made Juan leave the room.
         2.     Toshiko had her car repaired by a mechanic.
         3.     Ellen got Marvin to type her paper.
         4.     I made Jane call her  friend on the telephone.
         5.     We got our house to paint last week.
         6.     Dr. Byrd is having the students write a composition.
         7.     The policeman made the suspect lie on the ground.
         8.     Mark got his transcripts to send to the university.
         9.     Maria is getting her hair to cut tomorrow.
        10.   We will have to get the Dean sign this form.
        11.  The teacher let Al leave the classroom.
        12.   Maria got Ed to wash the pipettes.
        13. She always has her car fixed by the same mechanic.
        14.  Gene got his book published by a subsidy publisher.
        15.  We have to help Janet to find her keys.

Tugas ke-2 Softkill B.Inggris Bisnis II

 Types of Conjunctions

A conjunction is a word that links words, phrases, or clauses. There are three types of conjunctions: coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions, and subordinating conjunctions.

       Coordinating Conjunctions may join single words, or they may join groups of words, but they must always join similar elements such as subject+subject, verb phrase+verb phrase, or sentence+sentence. When a coordinating conjunction is used to join elements, the element becomes a compound element.

Examples: and, but, or, yet, for, nor, so

Correlative Conjunctions also connect sentence elements of the same kind, however, unlike coordinating conjunctions, correlative conjunctions are always used in pairs.

Examples: 

both - and 

not only - but also 

not - but 

either - or 

neither - nor 

whether - or 

as - as

         Subordinating Conjunctions: These are the largest class of conjunctions. They connect subordinate clauses to a main clause. They are adverbs used as conjunctions.

Examples: 

Time: after, before, since, when, while, until 

Reason: because, since, so that, why 

Place: where, wherever 

Condition: if, unless, until, in case 

Manner: as if, as though, how

Exercise 33: Because/Because of

1. It was difficult to deliver the letter because the sender had written the weong address on the envelove.
2. We decide to leave early because the party was boring.
3. Rescue attempt were temporarily halted because of the bad weather.
4. They visited their friends often because they enjoy their company.
5. Paul cannot got to the football game  because of his grades.
6. Marcella was awarded a scholarship because of her superior scolastic ability.
7. Nobody ventured outdoors because of the hurricane warming.
8. We plant to spend our vacation in the mauntains because the air is purer there.
9. We have to drive arround the bay because the bridge was destroye in the storm.
10. The chickens have died because of the intense heat.

Exercise 34: So/Such

1. The sun shone so brightly that Maria had to put on her sunglasses.
2. Dean was such a powerfull swimmer that the always won the races.
3. There were such few student registered that the class was cancelled.
4. We had such wonderfull memories of that place that we decided to return.
5. We had so good a time at the party that we hated to leave.
6. The benefit was so great a success that the promoters decide to repeat it.
7. It was such a nice daythat we decided to go to the beach.
8. Jane looked so sick that the nurse told her to go home.
9. Those were so difficult assigments that we spent two weeks finishing them.
10. Ray called such an early hour that we weren't awake yet.
11. The book looked so interesting that he decided to read it.
12. He worked so carefully that it took him a long time to complete the project.
13. We stayed in the sun for such a long time that we became sunbumed.
14. There were so many people on the bus that we decided to walk.
15. The program was such entertaining that nobody wanted to miss it.

Tugas Softkill B.Inggris Bisnis II

Exercise 1 Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

Exercise 21

Conditional Sentence

1. Henry talks to his dog as if it was understood  him.

2. If they had left the house earlier, they wouldn’t be so late getting to the airport that they could not check      their baggage.

3. If I finish the dress before Saturday, I will give it to my sister for her birthday.

4. If I had seen the movie. I would tell you about it last night

5. Had Bob not interfered in his sister’s marital problems, there would be peace between them.

6. He would give you the money if he had it.   

7. I wish they stopped making so much noise so that I could concentrate.

8. She would call you immediately if she needed help.

9. Had they arrived at the sale early, they would have found a better selection.

10. We hope that you  enjoyed the party last night.

11. If  you have enough time, please paint the chair before you leave.

12. We could go for a drive if today were Saturday.

13. If she wins the prize, it will be because she writes very well

14. Mike wished that the editors could have permitted  him to copy some of their material.

15. Joel wishes that he could spend  his vacation on the Gulf Coast next year.

16. I will accept if they invite me to the party.

17. If your mother buys  that car for you, will you be happy ?

18. If he decided earlier,he could have left on the afternoon flight.

19. Had we known your address, we would have written you a letter.

20. If the roofer doesn’t come soon, the rain will leak inside.

21. Because Rose did so poorly on the exam, she wishes that she had studied  harder last night.

22. My dog always wake me up if he hears strange noises.

23. If you see Mary today, please ask her to call me.

24. If he gets the raise, it will be because he does a good job.

25. The teacher will not accept our work if we turn it in late.

26. Mrs. Wood always talk to her tenth-grade students as though they  were adults.

27. If he had left already, he would have called us.

28. If they had known him, they  would have talked to him.   

29. He would understand it if you explained  it to him more slowly.

30. I could understand the French teacher if she spoke more slowly.

Exercise 26

Adjectives and Adverbs

1. Rita plays the violin well.

2. That is an intense novel.

3. The sun is shining brightly.

4. The girls speak fluent French.

5. The boys speak Spanish fluently.

6. The table has a smooth surface

7. We must figure our income tax returns accurately.

8. We don’t like to drink bitter tea.

9. The plane will arrive soon.

10. He had an accident because he was driving too fast.

Exercise 27 

Linking ( Copulative ) Verbs

1. Your cold sounds terrible.

2. The pianist plays very well.

3. The food in the restaurant always tastes good.

4. The campers remained calmly despite the thunderstorm.

5. They became sick after eating the contaminated food.

6. Professor Calandra looked quickly at the students sketches.

7. Paco was working diligently on the project.

8. Paul protested vehemently about the new proposals.

9. Our neighbors appeared relaxedly after their vacation.

10. The music sounded too noisy to be classical.

Exercise 28

Comparisons

1. John and his friends left as soon as the professor had finished his lecture.

2. His job is more important than his friend’s.

3. He plays the guitar the same well as Andres Segovia.

4. A new house is much more expensive than an older one.

5. Last week was the same hot as this week.

6. Martha is more talented than her cousin.

7. Bill’s descriptions are more colorful than his wife’s.

8. Nobody is more happy than Maria Elena.

9. The boys left less bad than the girls about losing the game.

10. A greyhound runs faster fast than a Chihuahua.

Exercise 29

Comparisons

1. The Empire State Building is taller than the Statue of Liberty.

2. California is farther from New York as Pennsylvania.

3. His assignment is different from mine.

4. Louie reads more quickly than his sisters.

5. No animal is so big than King Kong.

6. That report is less impressive than the government’s.

7. Sam wears the same shirt as his teammates.

8. Dave paints much more realistically than his professor. 

9. The twins have less money at the end of the month than they have at the beginning.

10. Her sports car is different than Nancy’s.

Exercise 30

Comparisons    

1. Of the four dresses, I like the red one best.

2. Phil is the happier person that we know.

3. Pat’s car is faster than Dan’s.

4. This is the creamier ice cream I have had in a long time.

5. This poster is  more colorful than the one in the hall.

6. Does Fred fell better today than he did yesterday ?

7. This vegetable soup tastes very good.

8. While trying to balance the baskets on her head, the woman walked more awkwardly than her daughter.

9. Jane is the least athletic of all the women.

10. My cat is the prettiest of the two.                                            

TUGAS 3 : BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 1 ( ORDER LETTER )

ORDER LETTER

Order letter is a document that confirms the details of a purchase of goods or services from one party to another. It usually includes more information about what you are ordering, like quantity, model number, or color, the payment terms, and the matter in which the products are to be shipped. When the recipient receives this letter, they will process the order and send the merchandise.

Order letter is letters dealing with orders and payments for merchandise form a bulk of business activity. As a result, serious thinking and care should be exercised in drafting these letters. A little carelessness may result in loss of the customers or good will. Therefore order letters should be exact cordial and tactful. They should be definite and complete that the reader may fell it exactly as the writer wishes. Any error or incompleteness may mean further corresponding shipping delays complicated billing repacking and loss of business.

An order letter need not be preceded by an inquiry or offer. Information received from catalogue and advertisement also helps people and parties in placing and sale. Hence it has great importance. Proper care should be taken in drafting of the order to ensure efficient handling and to eliminate all doubts resulting in loss of time and possibly of the market.

The desired facts are as under:

1. Details about what you are ordering or reserving.

2. Directions for shipment.

3. Manner of payments.

In both order and reservation messages, the main idea in the first paragraph we are reserving or ordering something. Our explanatory paragraphs give whatever details the order requires - about quantity, colour, style, size, price, payment, location, shipment data, place - plus any specific instructions our reader might need. The last paragraph invites prompt shipment and dated action, if desired.

PURCHASE ORDER FORM

The Purchase Order Form is a written sales contract between buyer and seller detailing the exact merchandise or services to be rendered from a single vendor. The Purchase Order Form contains areas for the PO number, shipping date, billing address, shipping address, terms of payment, and a list of services/products, often including specifications and reference or part numbers of the items to be purchased, with quantities and prices.

A purchase order (PO) is a commercial document issued by a buyer to a seller, indicating types, quantities, and agreed prices for products or services the seller will provide to the buyer. Sending a purchase order to a supplier constitutes a legal offer to buy products or services. Acceptance of a purchase order by a seller usually forms a contract between the buyer and seller, so no contract exists until the purchase order is accepted. It is used to control the purchasing of products and services from external suppliers.

A purchase order is a document sent to a supplier or vendor, authorizing shipment of a product to the customer at a specified price and terms. The creation of a purchase order creates a legally binding contract which cannot be changed without the consent of both parties.

A customer may sometimes create an open or standing purchase order which allows the customer to order quantities of the product(s) from the vendor over a period of time (usually a year) at the specified price. Open POs are often used for services which occur over a period of time.

The typical sections of a purchase order are:

• Date
• The purchase order number
• Names and addresses of both the customer and the supplier/vendor.
• Description of the items being ordered, the cost for each, and the total amount.

The PO number is an important reference for both the customer and the supplier.

Purchase Order Form Example :

                                                                                 Date:

                                                                                                      Serial Number:

Purchase Order

To

		Customer #
		Terms
Ship To		Salesperson
		Ship Week Of

Order #

Delivery Via

Routing

Please Ship the Following Items as Specified

Item	Quantity  Ordered	Description	Unit Count	Unit Price	Total Amount
				Total

Special Instructions	Date	Approval Signature
	Purchaser Signature
	Title

NON PURCHASE ORDER FORM

Some goods and services may be purchased without a purchase order.  Payments are made by using the itemized Vendor Invoice or Check Request Form.  When there is no itemized vendor invoice and a Check Request Form is used, support documentation must be attached and imaged.  A Vendor’s Statement should only be used when the vendor does not produce individual invoices.

Order Letter Non Purchase Order Form Example :

PT. OKTA SPORT

        Jln. Margonda Raya NO. 01 Depok 15340

Depok, 20 December 2012

Your ref : MR / BC / 23

Our ref : RC / K / 2B

Mr. Reza

Manager

PT. Indonesian Garment

Jln. Merdeka Raya No. 30

Jakarta 12300

Dear Mr Reza

We would like to place an order to your product as follows.

1.100 pairs of shoes Adidas Predator  Futsal size from 38-45

2. 100 pairs of shoes Adidas F50 soccer size from 38-45

3. 10 dozen NIKE FC Depok Club t-shirt size S, M, L and XL

These items should be sent before December 29, 2012 Packing hope stand water with their insurance. Letters of credit are made to our Bank BCA has been sent through the services of the delivery goods TIKI.

Yours faithfully,

        Okta

Reply of order letter example :

PT. Indonesian Garment

Jln. Merdeka Raya NO.30 Bekasi 12300

Jakarta, 21 December 2012

Your ref : MR / BC / 23

Our ref : RC / K / 2B

Mr. Okta

Manager

PT. Okta Sport

Jln. Margonda Raya NO. 01

Depok 15340

Dear Mr Okta,

We have received your order dated 20 December 2012 as contained in the purchase order form.

We confirm receipt of Your booking and wish to obey the conditions and requirements as specified by our company, such as the following.

1. Down Payment made before the date of delivery order as much as 45% of the total price of the reservation goods.

2. Due date payment of the reminder of the payment is made 10 days after the date of delivery of the goods carried.

3. When there is a complaint over the received goods, carried out by mail the complaint addressed directly to us.

With all the conditions listed here, we will assume You agree if You did not demur orally or in writing within ten days from receipt of this notice.

Disarray over , we are saying thanks.

Yours faithfully,

       Reza

Sumber :

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purchase_order

http://www.howtowritealetter.net/Letter-of-Order.html

http://biztaxlaw.about.com/od/glossaryp/g/purchaseorder.htm

http://www.entrepreneur.com/formnet/form/968

http://rudalblack163.blogspot.com/2011/12/kelompok-2-order-letter-reply.html

http://tamaschweinsteiger.blogspot.com/2011/01/order-letter.html

http://www.inc.com/tools/purchase-order-form.html

KELOMPOK 2 :

NUGROHO N.A                   (26109357)

OKTAVIANUS MULYADI (21109095)

REZA MAULANA               (21109875)